ARTICLE 188. The autonomous institutions of the State do enjoy administrative independence and are subject to the law in matters of government. Their directors are liable for their management.

(As amended by Law No. 4123, May 31, 1968.)

ARTICLE 189. The autonomous institutions are:

1. The State banks;

2. The State insurance institutions;

3. Those established by this Constitution and any new institutions that the Legislative Assembly may create by a vote of no less than two thirds of its entire membership.

ARTICLE 190. For discussion and passing of bills of law concerning an autonomous institution, the Legislative Assembly shall previously hear the opinion of that entity.
 
 

ARTICLE 191. A civil service statute shall regulate the relations between the State and public employees for the purpose of guaranteeing the efficiency of the administration.

ARTICLE 192. With the exceptions that this Constitution and the civil service statute may determine, public employees shall be appointed on the basis of proven ability, and may be removed only on the grounds for justified termination as set forth in the labor legislation; or in case of a forced reduction in services, either because of lack of funds or striving to have a better organization of such services.

ARTICLE 193. The President of the Republic, the Cabinet Ministers and the officials who manage public funds are required to declare their property, which must be duly appraised in accordance with the law.
 
 

ARTICLE 194. The oath that must be taken by public officials as provided in Article 11 of this Constitution is as follows:

"Do you swear before God and promise the Country to observe and defend the Constitution and the laws of the Republic and faithfully fulfill the duties of your office?

Yes, I swear.

If you do, may God help you, and if you do not, may He and the Country call you to account."