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Treaties in Force is published annually by the Department of State for the purpose of providing information on treaties and other international agreements to which the United States has become a party and which are carried on the records of the Department of State as being in force as of January 1 of each year.

The title Treaties in Force uses the term treaty in the generic sense as defined in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, that is, an international agreement ‘‘governed by international law, whether embodied in a single instrument or in two or more related instruments and whatever its particular designation.’’ The term ‘‘treaty’’ in its restricted usage in the United States denotes international agreements made by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate in accordance with Article II, section 2 of the Constitution of the United States. In addition to such ‘‘treaties,’’ this publication covers international agreements in force for the United States which have been concluded by the Executive (a) pursuant to or in accordance with existing legislation or a prior treaty, (b) subject to congressional approval or implementation, and/or (c) under and in accordance with the President’s Constitutional powers.

Treaties in Force includes those treaties and other international agreements entered into by the United States which on January 1 of the specified year had not expired by their own terms, been denounced by the parties or replaced or superseded by other agreements, or otherwise definitely terminated. Certain agreements, particularly those concerned with World War II and the immediate postwar period, which contain continuing provisions or which have not been clearly terminated in their entirety are included even though operations under the agreements may have ceased. The absence of a listing for a particular agreement should not be regarded as a determination that it is not in force. Listings are based largely upon treaties and agreements published in the Treaties and Other International Acts Series (TIAS). Entries for these treaties and agreements show a TIAS designator. Other agreements that the Department of State will not publish in TIAS, pursuant to Section 138 of Public Law, 1 U.S.C. 112a, and 22 C.F.R. 181.8, are also listed in Treaties in Force. Each of these agreements is designated Not Printed (NP). Certain arrangements are not listed in Treaties in Force; these include, for example, project grants and loans made by the Agency for International Development and agreements that are considered as ‘‘implementing’’ other treaties and agreements.

Information on the current status of treaties and other international agreements is published regularly in the Department of State Dispatch, a monthly publication for sale by the Superintendent of Documents, United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Inquiries concerning agreements a user believes may not have been included in Treaties in Force or requests for agreements that are not being printed in TIAS may be made to the Office of Treaty Affairs, Department of State, Washington, D.C. 20520.

AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES

Agricultural commodities agreement, with memorandum of understanding. Signed at San
Jose March 25, 1982; entered into force April 28, 1982. TIAS 11035.
Related agreements: October 30, 1982 (TIAS 11035). April 26, 1983 (TIAS 11035).

Agricultural commodities agreement, with memorandum of understanding. Signed at San
Jose November 22, 1983; entered into force January 19, 1984. TIAS 11036.
Amendment: July 3 and 27, 1984 (TIAS 11036).

Agricultural commodities agreement. Signed at San Jose November 19, 1984; entered into force January 2, 1985. TIAS 11037.

Agricultural commodities agreement. Signed at San Jose November 29, 1985; entered into force January 2, 1986. NP

Agricultural commodities agreement. Signed at San Jose January 14, 1987; entered into force April 29, 1987. NP
Amendment: July 2 and 7, 1987 (NP).

Agricultural commodities agreement. Signed at San Jose March 3, 1988; entered into force September 20, 1988. NP
Amendment: October 17, 1988 (NP).

AGRICULTURE

Agreement relating to cooperative rubber investigations in Costa Rica. Exchange of notes at San Jose April 19 and June 16, 1941; entered into force June 16, 1941. 55 Stat. 1368; EAS 222; 6 Bevans 1056; 103 LNTS 173.
Extensions and amendments: April 3, 1943 (57 Stat. 944; EAS 318; 6 Bevans 1074; 13 UNTS 463). June 21 and July 1, 1943 (57 Stat. 1048; EAS 335).

Agreement confirming the cooperative agreement for the prevention of foot-and-mouth disease and rinderpest in Costa Rica. Exchange of notes at San Jose April 5 and June 6, 1972; entered into force June 6, 1972. 23 UST 1122; TIAS 7372.

AVIATION

Agreement relating to the free movement of the military aircraft of each country into and through the airspace of the other. Exchange of notes at San Jose February 19 and 25, 1952; entered into force February 25, 1952. 3 UST 3882; TIAS 2518; 174 UNTS 233.

Agreement concerning air transport. Exchange of notes at San Jose October 20 and November 23, 1983; entered into force November 23, 1983. TIAS 10894.

COMMERCE

Treaty of friendship, commerce and navigation. Signed at Washington July 10, 1851; entered into force May 26, 1852. 10 Stat. 916; TS 62; 6 Bevans 1013.

CONSULS (See also COMMERCE)

Consular convention.¹ Signed at San Jose January 12, 1948; entered into force March 19, 1950. 1 UST 247; TIAS 2045; 70 UNTS 27. NOTE: ¹ Applicable to all areas of land and water subject to the sovereignty or authority of either state.

COPYRIGHT (See below)

CULTURAL HERITAGE

Memorandum of understanding on cooperation in management and protection of national parks and other protected natural and cultural heritage sites. Signed at Vail, Colorado October 8, 1991; entered into force October 8, 1991. TIAS 11793.

DEFENSE

Agreement relating to the furnishing of defense articles and services to Costa Rica for the purpose of contributing to its internal security. Exchange of notes at San Jose May 21 and June 18, 1962; entered into force June 18, 1962. 13 UST 2094; TIAS 5167; 461 UNTS 155.

Agreement relating to privileges and immunities for United States personnel providing assistance to the drought stricken provinces in northern Costa Rica. Exchange of notes at San Jose March 30, 1983; entered into force March 30, 1983. NP Memorandum of understanding establishing a Caribbean Basin Radar Network (CBRN) in Costa Rica. Signed at San Jose August 17, 1990; entered into force August 17, 1990. TIAS

Agreement concerning a Medical Readiness Training Exercise (MD 50701), with annexes. Exchange of notes at San Jose December 21, 1994 and January 3, 1995; entered into force January 3, 1995. NP

ECONOMIC AND TECHNICAL COOPERATION

General agreement for economic, technical and related assistance. Signed at San Jose December 22, 1961; entered into force September 7, 1962. 13 UST 1978; TIAS 5155; 460 UNTS 277. 

Agency for International Development: April 26, 1976 (28 UST 8929; TIAS 8777). August 30, 1978 (30 UST 4993; TIAS 9496; 1179 UNTS 207).

EMPLOYMENT

Agreement relating to the employment of dependents of official government employees. Exchange of notes at San Jose June 8, 1992; entered into force June 8, 1992. TIAS 12455.

ENVIRONMENTAL COOPERATION

Agreement for cooperation in the Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment (GLOBE) Program, with appendices. Signed at San Jose April 22, 1996; entered into force April 22, 1996. TIAS

EXTRADITION

Extradition treaty, with exchange of notes. Signed at San Jose December 4, 1982; entered into force October 11, 1991. TIAS

FINANCE

Agreement relating to investment guaranties. Signed at San Jose November 22, 1968; entered into force October 24, 1969. 20 UST 3001; TIAS 6776; 726 UNTS 157.

Agreement regarding the consolidation and re-scheduling of certain debts owed to, guaranteed or insured by the United States Government and its agencies, with annexes. Signed at Washington May 18, 1984; entered into force June 22, 1984. NP

Agreement regarding the consolidation and re-scheduling of certain debts owed to, guaranteed by or insured by the United States Government and its agencies, with annexes. Signed at San Jose December 16, 1985; entered into force January 29, 1986. NP

Agreement regarding the consolidation and re-scheduling of certain debts owed to, guaranteed by or insured by the United States Government and its agencies. Signed at San Jose February 22, 1990; entered into force April 9, 1990. NP

Swap agreement among the United States Treasury and the Central Bank of Costa Rica/Government of Costa Rica. Signed at Washington and San Jose May 18, 1990; entered into force May 18, 1990. TIAS

Agreement regarding the consolidation and re-scheduling or refinancing of certain debts owed to, guaranteed by, or insured by the United States Government and its agencies, with annexes. Signed at San Jose February 19, 1992; entered into force April 20, 1992. NP

Agreement regarding the consolidation and re-scheduling or refinancing of certain debts owed to, guaranteed by or insured by the United States Government and its agencies, with annexes. Signed at San Jose November 22, 1993; entered into force August 10, 1994. NP

HIGHWAYS

Agreement relating to the construction of the Inter-American highway within the borders of Costa Rica. Exchange of notes at Washington January 16, 1942; entered into force January 16, 1942. 56 Stat. 1840; EAS 293; 6 Bevans 1068; 23 UNTS 285.
Amendment: January 13 and 17, 1951 (2 UST 1844; TIAS 2319; 134 UNTS 215).

MAPPING

Agreement relating to photomapping project. Exchange of notes at San Jose August 6 and October 2, 1946; entered into force October 2, 1946. NP 

Amendment: December 3 and 7, 1953 (NP).

Cooperative arrangement for the production of topographic maps of Costa Rica, with annexes. Signed at San Jose and Washington June 4 and 18, 1986; entered into force June 18, 1986. TIAS 11373.

Basic exchange and cooperative agreement for topographic mapping, nautical and aeronautical charting and information, geodesy and geo-physics, digital data and related mapping, charting and geodesy materials, with glossary. Signed at San Jose and Fairfax June 14 and July 2, 1996; entered into force July 2, 1996. NP

NARCOTIC DRUGS

Agreement relating to the provision of assistance to curb the production and traffic in illegal narcotics. Exchange of notes at San Jose May 29 and June 2, 1975; entered into force June 2, 1975. 26 UST 3868; TIAS 8220; 1045 UNTS 17.

Agreement relating to the provision of additional assistance to support cooperative efforts to curb illegal narcotics production and traffic. Exchange of notes at San Jose June 21 and 24, 1976; entered into force June 24, 1976. 28 UST 2924; TIAS 8574; 1068 UNTS 189.

Agreement concerning cooperation to suppress illicit traffic. Signed at San Jose December 1, 1998; entered into force November 19, 1999.TIAS 

Amendment: July 2, 1999.

PEACE CORPS

Agreement relating to the establishment of a Peace Corps program in Costa Rica. Exchange of notes at San Jose November 21 and 23, 1962; entered into force August 11, 1964. 15 UST 2317; TIAS 5719; 541 UNTS 67.

POLLUTION

Agreement concerning the transboundary movement of hazardous wastes from Costa Rica to the United States. Exchange of notes at San Jose September 30 and November 17,1997; entered into force November 17, 1997.TIAS

POSTAL MATTERS

Money order convention. Signed at Washington June 6 and at San Jose June 26, 1903; entered into force July 20, 1903. 33 Stat. 2175.

International express mail agreement, with detailed regulations. Signed at San Jose and Washington August 19 and September 14, 1989; entered into force September 15, 1989. TIAS 11690.

Postal money order agreement. Signed at Mexico August 16, 1991; entered into force October 1, 1991. TIAS 11799.

PUBLICATIONS

Agreement relating to the exchange of official publications. Exchange of notes at San Jose November 30 and December 2, 1950; entered into force December 2, 1950. 2 UST 405; TIAS 2180; 133 UNTS 61.

TAXATION

Agreement for the exchange of information with respect to taxes, with exchange of notes. Signed at San Jose March 15, 1989; entered into force February 12, 1991. TIAS 12059.

TELECOMMUNICATION

Agreement relating to radio communications between amateur stations on behalf of third parties. Exchange of notes at Washington August 13 and October 19, 1956; entered into force October 19, 1956. 7 UST 2839; TIAS 3665; 278 UNTS 65.

Agreement relating to the reciprocal granting of authorizations to permit licensed amateur radio operators of either country to operate their stations in the other country. Exchange of notes at San Jose August 17 and 24, 1964; entered into force August 24, 1964. 15 UST 1787; TIAS 5649; 531 UNTS 107.

Agreement concerning the establishment and operation of a Voice of America radio broadcast station in Costa Rica. Exchange of notes at San Jose July 17 and August 7, 1984; entered into force August 7, 1984. TIAS 11236.

TRADE (See also COMMERCE)

Convention concerning commercial travelers and protocol. Signed at San Jose March 31, 1924; entered into force June 24, 1924. 43 Stat. 1765; TS 688; 6 Bevans 1041.

Agreement on a consultative mechanism relating to trade in cotton, wool, and man-made fiber textiles and textile products, with annex. Exchange of notes at San Jose February 7, 1984; entered into force February 7, 1984; effective January 1, 1984. TIAS 10956.

Agreement relating to trade in cotton, wool and man-made fiber textiles and textile products, with annexes. Signed at Washington March 20, 1992; entered into force March 20, 1992; effective January 1, 1992. NP
Amendment and extension: May 5 and October 20, 1994 (NP).

VISAS

Agreement for the waiver of passport visa fees for nonimmigrants. Exchange of notes at San Jose June 29, 1925; operative July 25, 1925. 6 Bevans 1046.

WEATHER STATIONS

Agreement relating to the operation and maintenance of a rawinsonde observation station at San Jose, with memorandum of arrangement. Exchange of notes at San Jose April 29 and June 8, 1976; entered into force June 8, 1976; effective January 1, 1976. 28 UST 6075; TIAS 8669.

NP - Not Printed in Treaties and Other International Acts Series.
Stat. - United States Statutes at Large.
UST - United States Treaties and Other International Agreements (volumes published on a calendar-year basis beginning as of January 1, 1950).
TS - Treaty Series, issued singly in pamphlets by the Department of State (until replaced in 1945 by the TIAS).
EAS - Executive Agreement Series, issued singly in pamphlets by the Department of State (until replaced in 1945 by the TIAS).
TIAS - Treaties and Other International Acts Series, issued singly in pamphlets by the Department of State.
Miller - Treaties and other International Acts of the United States of America, edited by Hunter Miller.
Bevans - Treaties and Other International Agreements of the United States of America 1776–1949, compiled under the direction of Charles I. Bevans.
Foreign Relations - Foreign Relations of the United States.
F.R. - Federal Register.
LNTS - League of Nations Treaty Series.
UNTS - United Nations Treaty Series.

Proclamations, Treaties and Conventions Establishing Copyright Relations
Between the United States and Costa Rica
 

Document	Date of Document	Effective Date	Reference
P	Oct. 19, 1899	Oct. 19, 1899	31 Stat. 1955
P	Apr. 9, 1910	July 1, 1909	36 Stat. 2685
MCC	Jan. 27, 1902	June 30, 1908	35 Stat. 1934
BAC	Aug. 11, 1910	Nov. 30, 1916	38 Stat. 1785
UCC	Sept. 6, 1952	Sept. 16, 1955	6 UST 2731
Berne (Paris)	July 24, 1971	June 10, 1978	T. Doc. 99–27
UCC rev.	July 24, 1971	Mar. 7, 1980	25 UST 1341
Pg	Oct. 29, 1971	June 17, 1982	25 UST 309
WTO	Apr. 15, 1994	Jan. 1, 1995	33 ILM 15
PCSS	May 21, 1974	June 25, 1999	T. Doc. 98–31

KEY TO SYMBOLS

PROCLAMATIONS

P -  Proclamation issued pursuant to the Act of March 3, 1891, the Act of March 4, 1909, and as amended, or Title 17 of the United States Code.

TREATIES AND CONVENTIONS

BAC - Buenos Aires Convention. Convention on literary and artistic copyright between the United States and other American Republics, signed at the Fourth International Conference of American States at Buenos Aires August 11, 1910. U.S. ratification deposited on May 1, 1911. Convention proclaimed by the President of the United States on July 13, 1914.

Berne - The Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works of September 9, 1886, as revised at Paris on July 24, 1971. Appearing within parentheses is the latest Act 27 of the Convention to which the listed country is party. The Berne Convention, as revised at Paris on July 24, 1971, and amended on October 2, 1979, did not enter into force with respect to the United States until March 1, 1989.

MCC - Mexico City Convention. Convention on literary and artistic copyrights signed at the Second International Conference of American States at Mexico City, January 27, 1902, effective June 30, 1908, to which the United States became a party, effective on that same date. As regards copyright relations with the United States, this convention is considered to have
been superseded by adherence of the foreign country and the United States to the Buenos Aires Convention of August 11, 1910.

UCC - Universal Copyright Convention. Done at Geneva September 6, 1952. Came into force on September 16, 1955. United States became a party, effective on that same date.

UCC rev. - Universal Copyright Convention revised. Done at Paris July 24, 1971. Came into force on July 10, 1974. United States became a party, effective on that same date.

Pg - Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonograms Against Unauthorized Duplication of Their Phonograms. Done at Geneva October 29, 1971. Entered into force with respect to the United States on March 10, 1974.

WTO - Member of the World Trade Organization, established pursuant to the Marrakesh Agreement of April 15, 1994, to implement the Uruguay Round Agreements. These Agreements affect, among other things, intangible property rights, including copyright and other intellectual property rights. The effective date of United States membership in the WTO is January 1, 1995. A country’s membership in the World Trade Organization is effective as of the date indicated.

PCSS:  Convention Relating to the Distribution of  Programme-Carrying Signals Transmitted by Satellite. Done at Brussels May 21, 1974. Entered into force with respect to the United States on March 7, 1985.

By virtue of Presidential proclamations, treaties, and conventions, the United States has established copyright
relations with various other countries.  Proclamations by the President of the United States extending copyright protection upon compliance with the provisions of the United States copyright law, to the works of foreign authors prior to July 1, 1909, were is-sued pursuant to the Act of March 3, 1891 (26 Stat. 1106) and those issues subsequent to July 1, 1909, were issued under the provisions of the Act of March 4, 1909 (35 Stat. 1075), as amended by the Act of December 18, 1919 (41 Stat. 368) and the Act of September 25, 1941 (55 Stat. 732). The Act of March 4, 1909, as amended, became Title 17 of the United States Code when it was codified and enacted into positive law by the Act of July 30, 1947 (61 Stat. 652). Title 17 of the United States Code was completely revised by the Act of October 19, 1976, (Public Law 94–553, 90 Stat. 2541), which became fully effective on January 1, 1978. A number of the proc-lamations were preceded or accompanied by exchanges of diplomatic notes which served as the basis for their issuance. Such exchanges of notes, if printed in the official pamphlet series, may be included in the preceding pages under appropriate country and subject heading.

The period for compliance with the conditions and formalities prescribed by the copyright law was extended by proclamation with respect to certain works in the case of a number of countries because of the disruption or suspension of facilities essential for such compliance during World War I and World War II. In the case of World War I, this period for compliance was xtended by proclamations issued under the Act of December 18, 1919 (41 Stat. 368) to fifteen months after the proclamation, as to works published after August 1, 1914, and before the proclamation of peace. In the case of World War II, this period was extended by proclamations issued under the Act of September 25, 1941 (55 Stat. 732) until such time as terminated or suspended, either by the terms of the proclamation itself or by the issuance of a subsequent proclamation. A number of the proclamations issued under the 1919 Act and all of the proclamations issued under the 1941 Act refer to rights previously granted.

It is important to note the provisions of section 104 of the Act of October 19, 1976, which, as amended by
the Act of October 31, 1988 (Public Law 100–568, 102 Stat. 2853, 2855), read as follows:

‘‘Subject matter of copyright: National Origin

(a) UNPUBLISHED WORKS.—The works specified by sections 102 and 103, while unpublished, are subject to protection under this title without regard to the nationality or domicile of the author.

(b) PUBLISHED WORKS.—The works specified by sections 102 and 103, when published, are subject to pro-tection
under this title if—
(1) on the date of first publication, one or more of the authors is a national or domiciliary of the United States, or is a national, domiciliary, or sovereign authority of a foreign nation that is a party to a copyright treaty to which the United States is also a party, or is a stateless person, wherever that person may be domiciled; or
(2) the work is first published in the United States or in a foreign nation that, on the date of first publication, is a party to the Universal Copyright Convention; or
(3) the work is first published by the United Nations or any of its specialized agencies, or by the Organization
of American States; or
(4) the work is a Berne Convention work; or
(5) the work comes within the scope of a Presidential proclamation. Whenever the President finds that a particular foreign nation extends, to works by authors who are nationals or domiciliaries of the United States or to works that are first published in the United States, copyright protection on substantially the same basis as that on which the foreign nation extends protection to works of its own nationals and domiciliaries and works first published in that nation, the President may by proclamation
extend protection under this title to works of which one or more of the authors is, on the date of first publication, a national, domiciliary, or sovereign authority of that nation, or which was first published in that nation. The President may revise, suspend, or revoke any such proclamation or impose any conditions or limitations on protection under that proclamtion.

(c) EFFECT OF BERNE CONVENTION.—No right or interest in a work eligible for protection under this title
may be claimed by virtue of, or in reliance upon, the provisions of the Berne Convention, or the adherence of the
United States thereto. Any rights in a work eligible for protection under this title that derive from this title, other
Federal or State statutes, or the common law, shall not be expanded or reduced by virtue of, or in reliance upon, the
provisions of the Berne Convention, or the adherence of the United States thereto.’’

Also, the Act of October 19, 1976, specifies, in section 104 of the TRANSITIONAL AND SUPPLEMENTARY
PROVISIONS thereof (90 Stat. 2541, 2599), that all proclamations issued by the President under the U.S. copyright
law ‘‘as it existed on December 31, 1977, or under previous copyright statutes of the United States shall continue
in force until terminated, suspended, or revised by the President.’’